Yes - you could build a *lot* of useful things with a 555, 741 and some CMOS or TTL logic.
I made (own design unless said):
Tacho for the car (contact breaker spike suppression was actually the hardest part).
Kitchen timer that was intuitive and was used for years by my Mum.
Heathkit alarm clock that was still the nicest clock I ever had.
Heathkit freezer temperature/door alarm (we were always leaving the door not quite shut).
Touch dimmer switch;
Caravan Aquaroll water level indicator - *that* was really useful!
These days, the tacho is standard and no CB to pick up off anyway, the freezer alarm is standard on many units, no one with a smartphone needs a kitchen timer, dimmer switches are 2 a penny.
Only my water level meter was probably still better than most of what's on sale today.
and for everything you'd use an AVR or PIC and write some code...