Wirewrap used to be the standard for GPO wiring blocks.
Wirewrap used to be the standard for GPO wiring blocks.
The company I worked for prior to my recent retirement made a wire-wrapped supercomputer in the 1980s. We sold one into China, and they took it apart and copied it. We started getting support requests for computers we'd never manufactured.
Which is why they went wrong so often. Yeah lets just hope two things touching with no solder or pressure just happen to conduct. It's the way kids make stuff. Twist the wires together and hope for the best.
Charge them for it and make money.
I'm guessing this "supercomputer" was about 1 MIP. My computers collectively do 30,000,000 MIPS, in my garage.
On a sunny day (Mon, 18 Apr 2022 15:56:22 +0100) it happened "Commander Kinsey" snipped-for-privacy@nospam.com wrote in snipped-for-privacy@ryzen.lan:
Oh I dunno, I did wirewrap a complete 19 inch rack with eurocards long ago, Had some RF too, well hundreds of kHz ..
This was also fun:
or this from long ago:
That's what I have mostly done. It's not extremely busy but I like to snoop on what's coming and going from the local airport. There is no ship traffic in this state :) With global warming maybe we will have an ocean in a couple of centuries.
I've picked up a little SSB traffic but this area requires good antennas to pick up anything besides 2m.
I've still got the tools and an assortment of wirewrap sockets but haven't done a project in a long time. I got away from hardware when surface mount came in. Even with magnifiers I don't have the vision to deal with that anymore.
You assume there is a circuit board to solder anything to. Wirewrap is great for prototyping before you bother with a board. Of course there's the dead bug method.
Then there was the hybrid where circuit boards slotted into sockets but there was no backplane so you wired it up point to point.
Those all look soldered. And that's the way I like to do stuff.
I astonished someone at work when he was trying to read a surface mount resistor value through a magnifying glass. I glanced at it without one and told him the value. Apparently I have the eyesight and the hearing of a 16 year old. Unfortunately not the body.
That's not a general problem. There was a period with the early Athlons that didn't implement some of the new Intel instructions but I've leaned towards AMD with no problem.
It wasn't AMD but I recall one processor that ran CP/M and DOS, both rather poorly. National maybe?
I still see solder. I've made stuff without a board, but I always use solder or things fall off.
It's a f****ng problem here. I run the Boinc projects Cosmology and LHC that use Oracle Virtualbox to run Linux under Windows. It slows the interface to a crawl. The same doesn't happen with Intel.
On a sunny day (Mon, 18 Apr 2022 15:58:45 +0100) it happened "Commander Kinsey" snipped-for-privacy@nospam.com wrote in snipped-for-privacy@ryzen.lan:
4 security cams go into one of those 4 channel security recorders from China Works very well, it does not record anything, I take the output via the LAN and re-encode it with ffmpeg, The intersting things is that one Raspberry Pi 4 with 4 GB memory records those 4 cams, plus 2 other IP cameras plus 2 audio tracks and the procesor load is still very low, plays background mp3 music without hickups at the same time! and I can browse the web with chromium at the same time. Raspi is a quad core.Tasks: 207 total, 1 running, 206 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie %Cpu(s): 6.7 us, 4.2 sy, 2.7 ni, 85.9 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.5 si, 0.0 st MiB Mem : 3906.0 total, 2494.6 free, 443.2 used, 968.3 buff/cache MiB Swap: 100.0 total, 100.0 free, 0.0 used. 3268.2 avail Mem
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
32764 root 25 5 33144 12040 2412 S 8.2 0.3 35:19.57 xgpspc_mon 513 root 20 0 222132 40308 24808 S 7.6 1.0 34:25.54 ffmpeg 25093 root 20 0 222140 40160 24668 S 5.9 1.0 42:42.68 ffmpeg 512 root 20 0 16300 11504 3640 S 5.6 0.3 31:34.56 mcamip 25092 root 20 0 16300 11316 3468 S 5.6 0.3 40:53.77 mcamip2 32765 root 25 5 222044 40496 24724 S 3.6 1.0 15:52.81 ffmpeg 25786 root 20 0 148216 30692 23816 S 2.3 0.8 0:43.54 ffmpeg 25783 root 20 0 148348 31372 24184 S 1.6 0.8 0:42.82 ffmpeg 25784 root 20 0 147904 30724 23832 S 1.6 0.8 0:43.37 ffmpeg 25785 root 20 0 147912 31064 24172 S 1.6 0.8 0:42.52 ffmpeg 12871 root 20 0 4820 3316 2872 S 1.3 0.1 4:24.67 mpg123 25090 root 20 0 9764 3800 3396 S 1.3 0.1 7:01.93 wget2 25091 root 20 0 179936 29736 23628 S 1.3 0.7 6:35.35 ffmpegraspi95: /mnt/sda2/security/video # temperature temp=48.0'C
This raspi has alu housing and a fan result:
In crontab new instances are started at different times with new serial number. rw-r--r-- 1 root root 577241088 Apr 18 18:49 bp1.ts
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 853278720 Apr 18 18:49 camera6-1809.mp2
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1194590208 Apr 18 18:49 mcam-2.ts
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 954728448 Apr 18 18:49 camera6-1809.ts
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 574967920 Apr 18 18:49 hcam_4_2822.ts
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 575615956 Apr 18 18:49 hcam_3_154.ts
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 574837824 Apr 18 18:49 hcam_1_2989.ts
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 576117352 Apr 18 18:49 hcam_2_3011.ts
I use .ts format as it is more flexible and easier to fast-forward and go back in. bp1.ts is just airtraffic, weather air pressure etc from server on an other raspi. other audio goes to the audio directory.
Nope, vast numbers of DEC minis were done that way.
The coal trains aren't popular. There still are some surface level crossings where you can wait forever for the train to pass.
Just about...
This one is paved in the downtown area but east of town it's gravel but fairly smooth.
Amtrak has been on life support for a long time. I briefly worked for Penn Central when they were going under. You had to have money in your account before the bank would cash your paycheck. Amtrak took them over with all the problems. The tracks were a mess as was the rolling stock. There were a number of the '50s streamliner engines that were scrapped because nobody wanted to work on them.
Amtrak did eventually get the tracks back in shape but only on the eastern corridor.
The US would rather cut its nose off to spite its face.
Nonsense.
Actually, virtualization capabilities were pioneered on the Opteron processors with SVM (Secure Virtual Machine) circa 2004. It was several years later before intel introduced the equivalent VT-X support (right after Intel adopted AMD's 64-bit extensions). First generation SVM still relied on paravirtualized memory management, but the second generation added nested page table support. Intel copied that as well with EPT.
VT-D is a completely separate thing (I/O virtualization rather than CPU virtualization), and it relies on specialized PCI hardware that can be configured to provide multiple virtual devices (Virtual Functions in the nomenclature). Not something you'll find on a desktop box generally (although NVME cards and many network cards support SR-IOV).
At SGI we helped pioneer hypervisor development with a project called Crucible - we ran Windows and Linux on a two-processor HP Kayak simultaneously, in 1998.
I've used rufus to create bootable USB sticks for Linux distros. Same rufus?
It's not great. They've been improving it supposedly.
On a sunny day (Mon, 18 Apr 2022 10:40:01 -0600) it happened rbowman snipped-for-privacy@montana.com wrote in snipped-for-privacy@mid.individual.net>:
Surface mount is easy on those boards with the round isles. I have reading glasses from the local drugstore and for the small SMDs I put 2 reading glasses on top of each other. Strength adds up. You do need to be a bit closer to what you are doing then. So far no problems. Have a small fan blow the smoke away from you..
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