Not sure I agree with you there, Swing... he was pitching "investments" that *should have* sounded too good to be true. The people he swindled were looking for a high rate of return *and simultaneously* a guarantee of low risk, which are mutually exclusive -- IOW, they were trying to get something for nothing, or something for not-very-much, by trying to obtain the gain without taking the risk. And I would not describe that behavior as completely honest.