I fancy myself as a furniture maker, but the fact be known I'm more of a maker of organizational things. I'm going to make that dresser as soon as I get my sandpaper organized, oh yeah I've got to get all my saws in a nice hanging rack too, but then I need to finish a display shelf for my handplanes, I should really complete my dust collection, then I need to....
What can you do with the tools you have? I would say just about anything. As you realize it's not practical to try and do any turning, but you can do most anything else. Woodworking is basically cutting boards to size and connecting them with glue, screws, biscuits, dowels, mortise/tenons, etc. You can do that with handtools, but the TS and RAS will simplify things. Most of the time boards are cut with square edges, but sometimes you need to cut curves into them so a portable jig saw ($100) or a bandsaw ($500) would be nice, but you can buy those when you need them.
As you'll discover there are at least 5 tools you can buy to do every task you'll ever want to do. Don't get hung up on the belief that you can't do anything until you get a tool to do it. Some of the most beautiful stuff ever made was done all with handtools. Power tools, for the most part, just make it faster and more accurate. Especially for those of us that do it as a hobby.
Welcome to woodworking and to the group!