Hi everyone, I just wanted to update to say the problem is now solved. I thought it would be polite to do so, in case anyone finds this discussion in the future while doing a search on the same problem, so they will know how it worked out in the end!
It turns out that the mystery gas smell was in fact the fumes from the flue of my neighbour's boiler downstairs. Since it was already burned (although as discussed there's never perfect combustion) the gas detector guys and our CO alarm never picked it up, and what we smelled was just the unburned chemical additive to make the 'gas smell'. Although the flue fumes had never bothered us before, it started to do so because the boiler was situated in an outdoor shed attached to the back of our building, below where we were smelling the gas. The shed had started falling to bits, and the boiler exhaust had turned really, really rusty (the guy poked a hole in it with a biro pen to demonstrate), so the fumes were coming back inside and travelling up to our flat that way. So our neighbour is rebuilding the shed and has even arranged to get a brand new boiler installed.
So a happy ending, and thank you very much for all the help :)