60Hz transformers are *exactly* the same efficiency as 50Hz transformers as long as each is run at its design frequency. 60Hz ones having a bit less steel (Due to the frequency) and a bit more copper (Due to the higher output current in the USA, as they use a lower final distribution voltage) is the only difference.
It means that in New York, if the power were fed from San Francisco, it would be about a cycle behind San Francisco, with a gradual phase change across that distance. In theory, you could use the grid in the USA as a resonant circuit at 60 Hz, which could make life "interesting".
Electricity is based on the charge on the electron. This isn't even an integer, unless you are *very* careful selecting the units.