Our heating uses an Y plan although as we use Wiser TRVs the operation is more like a S plan with many zones.
After spending time balancing the radiators the first radiator on the trunk has been tuned to being barely 1/16 of a turn open on both sides (there's no TRV as it's part of the always on route to meet the boiler requirements). My tuning has been mostly successful and I was much happier with the performance of the furthest radiators which are possible slightly undersized this winter.
The main downside is this radiator now hisses when the heating is on. I've confirmed it by adjusting it open and the noise attenuates as the return valve is opened.
I can see from the pipework there are visible repairs or alterations on the main trunk in this area that predate our stewardship, with various patches having been done. It's not impossible that there's some restriction occurring here that impacts the performance down the line. I can also see evidence of a past leak on the floorboards around that radiator and the pipes above floor themselves are blackened.
However that aside, I wondered if replacing this section of 22mm trunk and branching to the rad in microbore would help anything, I'd also be tempted to do the same on the next radiator which happens to be the bathroom radiator, soon to be a towel rail.
I would imagine doing so would reduce the flow and allow for more valve authority of the lock shields and reduce or eliminate the hissing - but perhaps the pipe itself would become an issue? What size might be appropriate or how can I establish this? Is there anything to consider if using 15mm for the final connection into the radiator?