I have plenty of them, but it's also useful to know what's best for what. Lighter fluid and white spirit finally got the liquefied foam out of a couple of cameras I was working on recently, but it was a horrific job.
I use isopropyl alcohol usually - dismantle and clean parts individually so you don't get anything where it shouldn't be (although you can happily wash electrical parts in ipa too). Scrape whatever gunk you can off first, then use the ipa on the rest.
At a pinch, the crappy stuff that chemists (probably!) still sell with around 70% alcohol content (often sold as rubbing alocohol) will do the job, but the purer you can get the better (the stuff I picked up from a chemist here is 97%)
For really serious messes on metal parts, something like Goo Gone might be worth a try too, but I'm not sure I'd risk it on plastic components just in case.
I'm not sure that anybody knows for sure. I've seen it plenty of times in the pinch rollers on old computer tape drives (amongst other things), and it can happen on one drive while another of similar vintage and stored in the same environment can be fine. That possibly suggests that it was ultimately down to something during the manufacturing process, rather than being age-related or environmental.
What do you mean by 'ordinary alcohol'? If I see something described simply as alcohol I'd assume that it's ethanol, and the duty on that is =A323.80 a litre in the uk unless it's denatured as in methylated spirits - which may be ok for this sort of job though I prefer not to use it as I've sometimes seen a slight residue. Incidentally, if the eBay price of =A36 for a litre of IPA includes postage, which would bring it in line with what I've paid, it actually works out about the same price as meths.
NT-NewsWatcher -> Services -> Look up in Dictionary. Which gave the following:
denature
verb [ trans. ] [often as adj.] (denatured)
take away or alter the natural qualities of : empty verbalisms and denatured ceremonies.
? make (alcohol) unfit for drinking by the addition of toxic or foul-tasting substances.
? Biochemistry destroy the characteristic properties of (a protein or other biological macromolecule) by heat, acidity, or other effects that disrupt its molecular conformation.
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