Understanding a few things (long)

Mar 09, 2005 27 Replies

Hi,



I am a student and may some day take up something in the broadcast industry, anyway my question(s) aren't about that. I live at home with my parents and I have been trying to figure out how the electrics in the house work. I have a few questions though...


  1. The incoming supply is from an underground cable which comes into one of those white boxes mounted on the wall of the 20 year old extension. The incoming power goes into the 100A electricity company fuse and the meter, two tails and an earth lead then go through wall into (I presume) a MEM box with a switch on it. Is this just a switch or some sort of protection device (ELCD?)? It seems to knock the entire electrics out for the house when flicked.


  1. From the MEM switch (I presume at least -- cables in the wall) there is a long piece of big (16mm) twin and earth which goes up into the extension loft and then through it (clipped to a joist) and then goes down under the stairs where the three CUs are. The wire's outer insulation has been stripped away and the red and black wires go into what I believe is a Henley box... However the earth conductor of the twin and earth has simply been left clipped where the outer insulation has been taken off. So where's my earth gone... I can see one piece of earth linking the two smaller CUs and a piece going to a pipe stub coming out of the floor (presumably for equi bonding?), but assuming the mains is coming solely into the Henley box (which has three sets of tails of various diameters going to the CUs) then where is the primary CU getting earth from... surely not from the copper pipe stud it is linked to?



________________ __________ | || | | [][][][][][] T || [][][] T | | || | ---------------- ---------- # || || # ========)#(===={HENLEY} # # || # # _||___# # | | # | [] T | # |______| # /I\



Hopefully that will render with a fixed width font... # is earth wiring, === is the T+E and the || is single tails. Some of the wiring comes out of the wall and then into the bottom of the consumer unit, most of this is for the extension, presumably wires for the rest of the house come through the back (as could another earth I guess). After looking in the extension loft there is a single piece of earth wire coming from the CU (I think) presumably going towards the bathroom but again this is presumably for bonding.



So primarily I am want to know how else we could get an earth? Is having a great big piece of T+E of about 20M carrying all the hoses power to the CU bad? What kind of earthing is in use - TN-S or TN-C-S (there was some marking in the white box but it's faded... I'll look in the light tomorrow)?


  1. We want to re-run power to the garage (used to be a piece of T+E clipped to the wall(!)) and are likely to use SWA cable, the garage currently shares a feed with the ring main in the extension (I think, need to recheck this maybe) and assuming we simply replaced the existing cable run (currently terminated in an IP rated switch for the water feature) and added a CU in the garage... Does the garage need it's own earth spike or can we use three core SWA cable and take a feed from the house's earth?


  1. Would running power to the garage be do-able under the new part P regs, also out of interest would replacing the CU be do-able with part P... As I understand it, it costs more to have it inspected that it would to get a contractor in?



Thanks in advance, I don't really have a point in this post, we are not planning any major work and although my dad and I are competent we'd prolly get a sparky in to do major rewiring anyways. I am just curious thats all.


Its the master breaker for the house. If it has a test button in it ists likely also an RCD.

Its use is to isolate all teh non-transco type bits of wire so that yiu can fifddle with your part P without kiling yourself ;-)

I'd do both frankly.

Sure. Just do not tell them you are doing it or have done it.

Take time to thoroughly understand what you have - this seems to be the first step - pay heed to sesnible safety advice and ignore the regulation junkies, and just get on with it.

Most electricians are 97% gibbon, genetically speakiung, which is silghtly less than the average 'shed junkie' DIY makeover tosser, for whom most regulations are intended.

Reedmber rulse are made ffor teh 1% who need proteting from themselves, and enforced by those of below average intelligence, ino rder to give them gainful employment.

I spent about 6 weeks trying to get a bloody FENSA certificate on a window in the house I was selling: I wish I had lied and said 'it was installed with the others pre 1985' or whatever.

What the BCO don't see, he can't get upset over.

Might be ELCB, firemans switch, RCD, switchfuse, I dont know, havent seen it.

insulation

what does that mean, do you mean its not connected?

that'll be yer earth rod.

yup

bathroom

whats wrong with the present earth?

why would it be? What do you think is carrying the power from your naerest town on wooden poles? Since you have appear to have TT I'm guessing youre out in the country.

why the (!)?

im not even going there, expect nonsense over that one.

he is? Are you? I dont know.

NT

If it's technical don't bother, there won't be such a thing as 'Broadcast Engineering' before long, it's rapidly getting consumed into 'IT'.

Have a read of this:-

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gives quite a good overview (IMHO) of electrical practice, though I'm sure someone will be along here soon with a better on-line reference.

Some of it might be. But installation/ maintenance will always be required. You can't make the actual programmes using 'IT' - apart from cartoons and special FX, possibly.

It will, but I come from the installation/equip supply side of the business, and technical knowledge (as you and I might know it) is hard to find these days. I remember turning up at the 'South Bank' with a Tek VM-700 test set a couple of years ago, all the engineers (but one) glazed over at the sight of it.

Very true, but that's operational. That not withstanding, technically qualified staff are still needed to make proper quality productions, how many 'apprentices' are there in your craft ?

That's true. One company I freelance for were having real problems to find general purpose engineers. Who would have to work shifts.

If you mean LWT, are you saying they don't own all the necessary test gear these days? Nothing surprises me anymore...

In terms of production as I know it, IT is restricted to post. And is so specialised that it still needs dedicated personnel. After all, knowing how to 'drive' something isn't the same as knowing the road it needs to go down. ;-)

An editor still needs an eye for editing - regardless of the mechanics - as does a dubbing mixer.

Ones who had a decent broad based training I got from the BBC? And as Thames did?

None.

Remote-control cameras in studio, very high bandwidth links to India or China.

You'd need a dog (to make sure no-one touched the cameras) and a man (to feed the dog) but that's about it.

Owain

Although hot head cameras do, of course, exist, and have been used in simple stuff like news where the cameras are stationary, or on the end of a manned jib, the idea of completely remote controlled pedestals of the type used on studio drama like bits of Coronation Street, Eastenders, etc is rather far fetched. And it's not even as if TV cameramen are that well paid these days.

And a remote control camera would be pointless on location drama - it would need more people to move it and set it up on location than is needed to operate it. Then there's the problem of communication between talent, director and cameraman. They need a pretty intimate relationship to produce satisfactory stuff.

I'm also trying to envisage all those remote controlled lights getting themselves out of the van and setting up. And plugging themselves in. ;-)

The dog handler would probably cost more. ;-)

Apply to ITV for a job on their management team :-)

As Dave P says that's impractical for drama or sports production.

What is threatened these days is original production, it's all too easy to put 30 remote cameras in a building or location and hey-presto you've got Big Brother, Fame Academy, or I'm a Non Entity Get me Out, hours and hours of telly (on digital channels 24/7) for bugger all cost. (I should know, I was involved in setting up the original Dutch Big Brother house)

Proper telly costs, unfortunately there is not a proportionate increase in available revenue with the current expansion of channels, because the advertising cake (and licence fee) are more or less static.

Don't expect things to improve !

If you put 30 cameras down a sewer people would watch it. More interesting than the above anyway.

Funnily enough, Joseph Bazalgette the designer and engineer who built London's sewers,

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the great-great-grandfather of Peter Bazalgette

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Brother (and many other reality show) executive producer.

Looking at it now, it seems to be a big switch, I guess I could find pictures but I can't be bothered since I don't want to play with it anyway.

Yes sorry that's what I ment, the T+E is double insulated, the outer insulation has been cut off leaving about 10cm of red, black and uninsulated earth cable. While the red and black wires goto the Henley box, the earth wire has been cut back by 10cm, leaving just bare wire stubs where the outer cover has been removed.

Having no clue what an earth rod looks like you may well be right, but to me it just looks like a standard water pipe with a cap soldered onto it, the earth wire connects with one of those metal bands with a do-not remove tab on it.

Nothing as such, of course I have no way of testing.. Nothing I can recall has ever broken in a way to blow a fuse.

I just thought there were limits and sizes defining how much length you can have in the way of tails before the CU. I'm in a reasonably new development (30-40 maybe) in a largish 'new town'... Not in the country.. AFAIK not many houses in my area have power from poles, on this estate at least it all comes in underground. I have reasons to doubt that I have TT, mainly because on the outside white box, I can see the two tails and earth wire going into the house. By time it gets to the CU I can only see a the tails, but no earth apart from the 'earth rod'

Well the T+E has only been installed for maybe 20 years but it crumbled on the exposed wall to such an extend we took it out of service, further more it was loosely clipped to the wall which was structurally unsound anyway (part was rebuilt). It had no RCD protection, and was on a high ring main fuse circuit, even though the cable looked underated.

Competent enough to know what wires go where and replace and install new fittings but also competent enough to know that this job is beyond our technical knowledge... The whole point of my post was simply to understand a few things, purely because I am interested.

So what.

On a 20 yr old install you cant expect it to be compliant.

odd that youd have TT in town. I havent seen it or tested anything, but it does sound like TT. It may just be a non compliant install though.

crumbled

unsound

normal for 20-30 yr old wiring. The potential for dterioration from uv is one reason its not done now, though that can be stopped by painting it.

Well, I reckon a lot more detail and precision would be needed to ascertain your earth situaiton. It sounds like TT, but who knows, its all a bit vague, either that or I am.

NT

Rather more than 20 years ago there were restrictions on the length of 'tails' between meter and CU. If you wished to exceed them, the LEB would insist on MICC or similar.

But as we enter the 'exciting digital vision for everybody'[1] of television, drama will be a increasingly decreasing part of the output. Aren't the 'reality' television programmes already predominantly filmed with fixed, remote control cameras? The talk-to-camera shows selling saucepans, sex or salvation could probably be done fully remote-control.

Ah, talent, location drama and satisfactory stuff ... well, there'll still be Dads Army repeats on The Dads Army Repeats Channel, The Dads Army +1 Repeats Channel, The Sitcoms Channel, The Let's Laugh About The War Channel, The Highlights Of 2D-Television Channel, ...

Give the Koreans another five years ... Until then, plenty of media studies graduates can do an MA in Television Illumination Unpacking And Positioning.

Put the dog in front of the camera and save a presenter's fee.

Owain

[1] Unless you're in a flat on the wrong side of a conservation area building, like me.

Exactly.

I knew that, but your mentioning it and sewers gave me an idea. Instead of cameras down sewers (but using the same technology) why not put cameras in coffins before they're buries. Then Bazalgette could give us Decomposing Relatives The Authentic After Death Experience.

Owain

If heredity means anything, Bazalgette would do better with the sewers...!

Not so sure. ITV's profits are up, and they major on drama - although some would prefer something more adventurous than police type series.

Depends. Fly on the wall stuff, yes. Others will use wobbly cam. ;-)

Only one I had anything to do with before 'they' found it out was Auction World, and that used operated cameras. 3. With very bored operators.

I prefer to remember him as the floor assistant (call boy) on Panorama, etc, when it came from Lime Grove. With CPS Emitron b&w cameras. And he was a very pleasant person.

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