I have to agree with Richard on this one. There is no way anyone can say that, because the EPA test standards as Richard provided, do not test the refrigerators anywhere near to how they are actually used. Rkichard noted that one big and obvious issue is the refrigerators are tested with THE DOORS CLOSED AND NEVER OPENED.
I think we can all agree that opening the doors is a big factor in how much energy is going to be used. So, per your example, let's say model A according to the EPA test uses $200 a year to operate and unit B uses $100. But that's without opening the doors. Now we don't know exactly how opening and closing the doors is going to affect both refrigerators. It could very well be that model A now uses $275 to operate, while unit B uses $150. So, model A is actually only a factor of 1.8 better.
And I think this only gets worse when you're trying to figure out the virtues of one with a sticker that says it uses $150 vs another one that says $175. I would think the unknown effects of ice makers, opening and closing the doors, having it actually loaded with food, etc, could skew that quite a bit. In other words, it seems a bit of stretch to think that because of this labeling, the unit with the alleged $150 energy cost is worth much more than the unit with the $175 cost.
Ask yourself this. If you were trying to determing how much energy a refrigerator actually uses, would you test it with the doors kept closed during the test, no food inside, and no ice maker? And why exactly does the govt test call for them to be tested this way? These tests were not arbitrarily made by the govt, but were done in collaboration with the industries involved. There may not be some ulterior motive involved, but it is a bit suspicious as to how they don't test them anywhere near to how they are used.
om