All outdoor power equipment that uses a small engine has to be cleaned. Usually, we use a detergent or solvent based cleaner. The cleaning agent itself is not going to damage the engine, but the water that you use to flush it off is going to shorten the engine's life.
A friend who is a pro auto mechanic has a large stationary compressor. When used with a blow gun it can produce a tremendous volume of air. Its the safest way to remove soil, sand, and grime without the use of chemicals and water.
I was looking at portable air compressors. To me, a portable compressor is under 45 lbs. An electric model would be best since they require almost no maintenance. The question is, can a portable compressor and a blow gun deliver a jet of air powerful enough to blast away the crud that accumulates on small engines?