Evan - sorry but your ignorance is showing. Virtually every item you plug into a 15 or 20 amp 115 volt receptacle in your home is rated MUCH below the 15 or 20 amps the receptacle is rated at, and the breaker is designed for. It is NOT a safety issue. Your computer draws something like 2 amps, the monitor 1/2 amp, a 100 watt light bult less than an amp, your fancy little transistor table radio about 250 milliamps.
The "right" way to do it would be a "fused adapter" with a 30 amp plug that fits the dryier receptacle, and a 20 amp receptacle to fit the compressor plug, with a 20 amp fuse or breaker between the two. This would protect the wiring to the compressor motor - which, in all likelihood, already has a thermal shutdown protection device built into it - making the fused adapter redundant anyways.