You will have a single coax cable running from the pole to your house. In my case, Comcast ran it underground using a vibrating plow (buries the cable without having to dig a trench).
I only get internet access from Comcast, so I have the simplest installation possible. The incoming cable connects directly to the cable modem. I then connect my VOIP phone adapter to my internet router.
If you will also have cable TV, the incoming cable will connect to a splitter. Then you will have cables running to each TV outlet throughout your house.
As others have mentioned, it is unlikely the cable installers will do a neat and tidy installation. For them it's about getting things done as quickly as possible with as little effort as possible. They'll drill holes wherever desired and staple cables to the outside of your home.
I chose to do the wiring inside our home before the cable installers came out. I installed a conduit from our crawlspace under the foundation to a point outside the building. The cable company then brought the cable to my conduit and gave me enough slack to make the connection inside. I let the installers know I was particular about the installation, and they were happy to accomodate my needs. It was more work on my part, but I have no visible cables on the exterior of our home.
If you do the wiring yourself, make sure you use high quality RG6 cable and compression style connectors. Those cheap crimp-on style connectors will really degrade your signal and cause problems with your internet connection. These days you can find the cable, compression connectors, and the compression tool at Home Depot. If you need a splitter, you might want to shop Amazon for a better quality splitter.
You will need a cable modem. You can either rent one from the cable company (typically about $5/month), or you can buy your own. I rented the first couple years then bought my own.
After the cable modem, you will probably want to buy and install a Wi-Fi router. This typically gives you four ethernet connections for your computers or devices, as well as providing a Wi-Fi signal for your mobile devices.
If you are getting your phone service through your cable, you will need a small phone adapter (usually provided by the phone service). This plugs into your router, then your phone connects to the adapter. I get my phone service through 1-VOIP instead of paying the cable companies higher rates.
If you have cable TV, you will also have a cable box or digital adapter at each TV.
We just use an outdoor antenna for our TV signal, then subscribe to Netflix for Movies.
If you disconnect the existing phone company from your house wiring, you can connect the VOIP adapter to your existing phone line. However, I found it easier to just get a wireless phone system. The base unit connects to the VOIP adapter, then I can place the other handsets around the house as needed.
Hope this helps.
Anthony Watson