The development of the .308 was a step on the way to the .223. The goal of the .308 was to duplicate 30-06 ballistics in a smaller case, enabling a soldier to carry more rounds and making a shorter action in the firearm, which would allow for more reliable fully automatic fire. Due to the quirks of interior ballistics a .308 firing the same bullet at the same velocity as a 30-06 has *higher* felt recoil thanks to greater chamber pressure.
Most of the old military rifles had hardwood stocks, some actually had quite nice wood until the armory and the troops soaked them with cosmoline and gun oil. Gun oil, even if purchased from Denmark, doesn't really give a Danish oil type finish.
Tim Douglass