alot depends on the lawn your overseeding. If its sod, there is a layer of peat that needs to be penetrated to get the seed in contact with the dirt. Slit seeding is how they do it.
IF its a seeded lawn initially all you have to do is scuff up the soil. The are several ways of doing that. I use a veritcal rake (dethatcher). Sometimes theyu will top dress the soil with a thin layer of dirt. you want to make little nooks and crannies for the seed to wedge into (grass seed needs sunlight to sprout and cant be buried)
You can also buy paper pellets that swellup and break down in water. Its also a good way to get seed in contact with dirt. Regardless, the key is getting the seed in contact with dirt
I believe that aeration is too deep for any seed to grow, unless they are depending on the plugs decomposing to provide the nooks and crannies and then I think it would be a rather clumpy lawn.