When static electricity in involved, it doesn't matter if the equipment is turned on or off. Well if on, it may crash and need a reboot, but as far as it doing damage, it'll happen either way.
Then again, I've used vacuums and even shop air to blow out PC's, and hundreds of mother boards made for other equipment. Never had a problem, just keep one hand on the ground and your other hand on the air nozzle. It bleeds off the static electricity before it can build up. Even better if it is plugged in, to have a real ground, but many manufactures changed their instructions and now tell you to unplug it, so you don't electrocute yourself.