Please educate me - why not? Isn't the efficiency in the compressor mostly, or even completely?
Rich
No!
The efficiency is in a combination of ingredients. The compressor contributes, but so does the amount of power consumed by the indoor blower and outdoor fan motors. The indoor coil is one of two heat exchangers, if it does not have the correct surface areas on both the Freon and air sides, the efficiency will not be as high as it should. Also, when you change just the outdoor unit, the refrigerant metering device will not match the new outdoor unit, which is important. The metering device is picked to work correctly with the exact match between the indoor unit and outdoor unit. Then there is the indoor air flow. It should be checked and verified to be around 400 CFM per ton. This does not mean holding your hand over the grilles. It means using accurate test instruments. If the air flow is low, the heat transfer will not be there. Try driving your car with part of the radiator blocked with cardboard all summer. (The engine may overheat) Finally, the refrigerant charge has to be correct.
So there is a lot more involved than just changing the box that is outside.
Stretch